Class: JSON::LD::ContentNegotiation

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/json/ld/conneg.rb

Overview

Rack middleware for JSON-LD content negotiation.

Uses HTTP Content Negotiation to serialize Array and Hash results as JSON-LD using ‘profile’ accept-params to invoke appropriate JSON-LD API methods.

Allows black-listing and white-listing of two-part profiles where the second part denotes a URL of a context or frame. (See Writer.accept?)

Works along with rack-linkeddata for serializing data which is not in the form of an RDF::Repository.

Examples:

use JSON::LD::Rack

See Also:

Constant Summary collapse

VARY = 
{ 'Vary' => 'Accept' }.freeze

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(app) ⇒ ContentNegotiation

Returns a new instance of ContentNegotiation.



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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 42

def initialize(app)
  @app = app
end

Instance Attribute Details

#app ⇒ #call (readonly)

Returns:



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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 29

def app
  @app
end

Class Method Details

.registered(app)

This method returns an undefined value.

  • Registers JSON::LD::Rack, suitable for Sinatra application

  • adds helpers

Parameters:

  • app (Sinatra::Base) 


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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 37

def self.registered(app)
  options = {}
  app.use(JSON::LD::Rack, **options)
end

Instance Method Details

#accept_entry(entry) ⇒ Object (protected)

Returns an array of quality, number of ‘*’ in content-type, and number of non-‘q’ parameters



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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 155

def accept_entry(entry)
  type, *options = entry.split(';').map(&:strip)
  quality = 0 # we sort smallest first
  options.delete_if { |e| quality = 1 - e[2..].to_f if e.start_with? 'q=' }
  [options.unshift(type).join(';'), [quality, type.count('*'), 1 - options.size]]
end

#call(env) ⇒ Array(Integer, Hash, #each)

Handles a Rack protocol request. Parses Accept header to find appropriate mime-type and sets content_type accordingly.

Parameters:

  • env (Hash{String => String})

Returns:

  • (Array(Integer, Hash, #each)) —

    Status, Headers and Body

See Also:



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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 53

def call(env)
  response = app.call(env)
  body = response[2].respond_to?(:body) ? response[2].body : response[2]
  case body
  when Array, Hash
    response[2] = body # Put it back in the response, it might have been a proxy
    serialize(env, *response)
  else response
  end
end

#find_content_type_for_media_range(media_range) ⇒ String? (protected)

Returns a content type appropriate for the given media_range, returns nil if media_range contains a wildcard subtype that is not mapped.

Parameters:

  • media_range (String, #to_s)

Returns:

  • (String, nil) 


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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 169

def find_content_type_for_media_range(media_range)
  media_range = media_range.sub('*/*', 'application/ld+json') if media_range.to_s.start_with?('*/*')
  if media_range.to_s.start_with?('application/*')
    media_range = media_range.sub('application/*',
      'application/ld+json')
  end
  if media_range.to_s.start_with?('application/json')
    media_range = media_range.sub('application/json',
      'application/ld+json')
  end

  media_range.start_with?('application/ld+json') ? media_range : nil
end

#http_error(code, message = nil, headers = {}) ⇒ Array(Integer, Hash, #each) (protected)

Outputs an HTTP 4xx or 5xx response.

Parameters:

  • code (Integer, #to_i)
  • message (String, #to_s) (defaults to: nil)
  • headers (Hash{String => String}) (defaults to: {})

Returns:

  • (Array(Integer, Hash, #each)) 


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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 199

def http_error(code, message = nil, headers = {})
  message = [code, Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES[code]].join(' ') +
            (message.nil? ? "\n" : " (#{message})\n")
  [code, { 'Content-Type' => "text/plain" }.merge(headers), [message]]
end

#not_acceptable(message = nil) ⇒ Array(Integer, Hash, #each) (protected)

Outputs an HTTP 406 Not Acceptable response.

Parameters:

  • message (String, #to_s) (defaults to: nil)

Returns:

  • (Array(Integer, Hash, #each)) 


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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 188

def not_acceptable(message = nil)
  http_error(406, message, VARY)
end

#parse_accept_header(header) ⇒ Array<String> (protected)

Parses an HTTP Accept header, returning an array of MIME content types ordered by the precedence rules defined in HTTP/1.1 §14.1.

Parameters:

  • header (String, #to_s)

Returns:

See Also:



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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 145

def parse_accept_header(header)
  entries = header.to_s.split(',')
  entries = entries
    .map { |e| accept_entry(e) }
    .sort_by(&:last)
    .map(&:first)
  entries.map { |e| find_content_type_for_media_range(e) }.compact
end

#serialize(env, status, headers, body) ⇒ Array(Integer, Hash, #each)

Serializes objects as JSON-LD. Defaults to expanded form, other forms determined by presense of profile in accept-parms.

Parameters:

  • env (Hash{String => String})
  • status (Integer)
  • headers (Hash{String => Object})
  • body (RDF::Enumerable)

Returns:

  • (Array(Integer, Hash, #each)) —

    Status, Headers and Body



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# File 'lib/json/ld/conneg.rb', line 73

def serialize(env, status, headers, body)
  # This will only return json-ld content types, possibly with parameters
  content_types = parse_accept_header(env['HTTP_ACCEPT'] || 'application/ld+json')
  content_types = content_types.select do |content_type|
    _, *params = content_type.split(';').map(&:strip)
    accept_params = params.inject({}) do |memo, pv|
      p, v = pv.split('=').map(&:strip)
      memo.merge(p.downcase.to_sym => v.sub(/^["']?([^"']*)["']?$/, '\1'))
    end
    JSON::LD::Writer.accept?(accept_params)
  end
  if content_types.empty?
    not_acceptable("No appropriate combinaion of media-type and parameters found")
  else
    ct, *params = content_types.first.split(';').map(&:strip)
    accept_params = params.inject({}) do |memo, pv|
      p, v = pv.split('=').map(&:strip)
      memo.merge(p.downcase.to_sym => v.sub(/^["']?([^"']*)["']?$/, '\1'))
    end

    # Determine API method from profile
    profile = accept_params[:profile].to_s.split

    # Get context from Link header
    links = LinkHeader.parse(env['HTTP_LINK'])
    context = begin
      links.find_link(['rel', JSON_LD_NS + "context"]).href
    rescue StandardError
      nil
    end
    frame = begin
      links.find_link(['rel', JSON_LD_NS + "frame"]).href
    rescue StandardError
      nil
    end

    if profile.include?(JSON_LD_NS + "framed") && frame.nil?
      return not_acceptable("framed profile without a frame")
    end

    # accept? already determined that there are appropriate contexts
    # If profile also includes a URI which is not a namespace, use it for compaction.
    context ||= Writer.default_context if profile.include?(JSON_LD_NS + "compacted")

    result = if profile.include?(JSON_LD_NS + "flattened")
      API.flatten(body, context)
    elsif profile.include?(JSON_LD_NS + "framed")
      API.frame(body, frame)
    elsif context
      API.compact(body, context)
    elsif profile.include?(JSON_LD_NS + "expanded")
      API.expand(body)
    else
      body
    end

    headers = headers.merge(VARY).merge('Content-Type' => ct)
    [status, headers, [result.to_json]]
  end
rescue StandardError
  http_error(500, $ERROR_INFO.message)
end